CIT-UNESCO-JOMON
Jomon Prehistoric Sites in Northern Japan
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1632/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
Regional chronology
East and Southeast Asia
A regional chronology from Jomon and early rice communities through dynastic, maritime, colonial, revolutionary and contemporary worlds across East and Southeast Asia.
48 dated records62 evidence guides10 atlas stages
c. 3900-2200 BCE · Community
Jomon communities at Sannai-Maruyama
Long-lived Jomon settlements combined fishing, hunting, gathering, plant management, storage, craft production and exchange without fitting a simple farming-state model.
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CIT-UNESCO-JOMONCIT-COLUMBIA-JAPAN
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c. 3300-2300 BCE · Civilization
Liangzhu rice, waterworks and social hierarchy
Liangzhu joined intensive rice cultivation, hydraulic works, planned earthen spaces, jade production and differentiated burials in an early regional polity.
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CIT-UNESCO-LIANGZHUCIT-ESA-UCL-LIANGZHU-WATERWORKS
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Mainly c. 2000 BCE-500 CE · Migration
Austronesian-speaking maritime expansion
From roughly four thousand years ago, multiple generations of seafaring communities spread Malayo-Polynesian branches of the Austronesian language family from Taiwan through the Philippines and much of Island Southeast Asia, mixing with long-established populations.
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CIT-ESA-NATURE-AUSTRONESIANCIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
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c. 1600-1046 BCE · Dynasty
Shang court, foundries and oracle-bone writing
Shang political centers coordinated warfare, tribute, divination and large-scale bronze production, with late Shang writing preserved at Yinxu.
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CIT-MET-SHANG-ZHOUCIT-COLUMBIA-CHINA
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Zhou dynasty, 1046-256 BCE; Warring States, c. 475-221 BCE · Kingdom
Zhou kingship and Warring States transformations
Zhou kings initially exercised substantial ritual and political authority; after royal power weakened, regional states developed competing administrations, mass armies, markets and intellectual traditions until Qin unification in 221 BCE.
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CIT-MET-SHANG-ZHOUCIT-COLUMBIA-CHINA
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c. 700 BCE-200 CE · Technology
Dong Son bronze-working and riverine communities
Communities associated with Dong Son material traditions produced elaborate bronze drums and tools within farming, river and exchange networks.
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CIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEACIT-ESA-VNMH-DONG-SON
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Traditionally 551-479 BCE · Person
Confucius and the formation of Ru traditions
Confucius became associated with ethical cultivation, ritual, learning and responsible government, though early texts preserve multiple later-shaped portraits.
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CIT-STANFORD-CONFUCIUSCIT-COLUMBIA-CHINA
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c. 300 BCE-600 CE · Religion
Daoist texts, communities and ritual practices
The modern category Daoism brings together early texts such as the Daodejing and Zhuangzi with later organized communities, ritual lineages, healing, meditation and local cults; these did not begin as one institution at a single date.
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CIT-STANFORD-DAOISMCIT-COLUMBIA-CHINA
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221-206 BCE · Empire
Qin unification and administrative standardization
The Qin court defeated rival states and extended centralized command through law, officials, roads, measures, writing standards and mass mobilization.
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CIT-MET-QIN-HANCIT-COLUMBIA-CHINA
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206 BCE-220 CE · Empire
Han empire, frontier movement and Silk Road exchange
Western and Eastern Han governments consolidated imperial institutions while warfare, diplomacy, migration and exchange linked agrarian cores with Inner and Central Asian corridors; the Xin regime interrupted Han rule from 9 to 23 CE.
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CIT-MET-QIN-HANCIT-COLUMBIA-CHINA
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Traditional chronology 57 BCE-668 CE · Kingdom
Goguryeo, Baekje, Silla and Gaya polities
Several competing polities built courts, fortresses, tombs and exchange networks while interacting with communities across the peninsula, islands and mainland.
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CIT-MET-KOREACIT-ESA-JINJU-THREE-KINGDOMS
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c. 1st-7th centuries CE · Trade
Oc Eo networks and polities described as Funan
Oc Eo and other canal-linked delta settlements participated in long-distance exchange while local elites adapted South Asian scripts, religious forms and political idioms. Funan is a name preserved mainly in Chinese accounts, not a securely mapped self-name for one uniform state.
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CIT-ESA-UNESCO-OC-EOCIT-ESA-MET-PRE-ANGKOR
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Mainly 2nd-7th centuries CE · Migration
Buddhist transmission through China, Korea and Japan
Monks, envoys, texts, images, relics and artisans transmitted multiple Buddhist traditions through translation, diplomacy and patronage rather than through one migration wave or unchanged doctrine.
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CIT-ESA-MET-CHINESE-BUDDHISMCIT-ESA-MET-KOREAN-BUDDHISMCIT-COLUMBIA-JAPAN
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c. 250-710 CE · Kingdom
Kofun burials and early Yamato state formation
Large mounded tombs and grave goods trace changing elite alliances during the Kofun centuries; later Asuka reforms extended more centralized Yamato court institutions before the capital moved to Nara in 710.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-JAPANCIT-ESA-MET-KOFUNCIT-MET-SHINTO
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Mainly 4th-13th centuries CE · Kingdom
Champa polities and My Son sanctuary
Successive Cham-centered polities linked irrigated valleys and maritime ports while rulers patronized brick sanctuaries at My Son.
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CIT-UNESCO-MY-SONCIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
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581-618 CE · Construction
Sui reunification and Grand Canal construction
The Sui reunited major agrarian regions and expanded canal transport, allowing grain, troops and officials to move between northern capitals and southern production zones.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-CHINACIT-ESA-UNESCO-GRAND-CANAL
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618-907 CE · Empire
Tang Chang'an and connected imperial networks
Tang institutions linked a vast but changing empire whose capitals drew officials, traders, soldiers, monks, musicians and migrants from across Asia; access and tolerance varied sharply over time.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-CHINACIT-ESA-MET-TANG-INTERNATIONALISM
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c. 7th-13th centuries CE · Trade
Srivijaya and the Straits maritime network
Rulers identified in Old Malay inscriptions and external accounts as linked to Srivijaya drew authority from river systems, ports, shipping and Buddhist patronage; influence varied by route, period and local alliance rather than forming fixed modern borders.
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CIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEACIT-ESA-SMITHSONIAN-POWER-SEACIT-ESA-UNESCO-MUARAJAMBI
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Later Silla, 668-935 CE; Balhae, 698-926 CE · Kingdom
Later Silla and Balhae regional worlds
Later Silla, often called Unified Silla, governed much but not all of the peninsula, while Balhae developed across northern peninsula and northeast Asian regions; both maintained diplomacy, Buddhist institutions and exchange with Tang and neighboring communities.
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CIT-MET-KOREACIT-ESA-NMOK-UNIFIED-SILLA-BALHAE
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Mainly 8th-9th centuries CE · Construction
Sailendra patronage and Borobudur
Borobudur materialized Buddhist cosmology through a vast terraced monument created within a fertile, politically competitive Javanese landscape.
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CIT-UNESCO-BOROBUDURCIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
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794-1185 CE · Language
Heian court culture and kana writing
The Heian court developed distinctive literary, ritual and artistic practices as kana scripts expanded writing in Japanese alongside classical Chinese.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-JAPANCIT-MET-SHINTOCIT-UNESCO-MIDOKANPAKUKI
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802-1431 CE · Civilization
Khmer Angkor and the hydraulic urban landscape
Khmer rulers and communities developed a succession of capitals around Angkor within a dispersed urban region of temples, reservoirs, channels, roads, fields and neighborhoods; the system changed repeatedly rather than operating as one timeless hydraulic plan.
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CIT-UNESCO-ANGKORCIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
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918-1392 CE · Dynasty
Goryeo court, Buddhism and celadon production
Goryeo courts governed through aristocratic and bureaucratic institutions while Buddhist patronage, celadon, woodblock printing, early metal movable type and maritime exchange shaped cultural life.
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CIT-MET-KOREACIT-ESA-UNESCO-TRIPITAKA-KOREANA
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939-1407 CE · Kingdom
Early autonomous Viet polities and Dai Viet
After the end of long-term Chinese imperial rule in 939, successive courts consolidated autonomy around the Red River; the state name Dai Viet was adopted in 1054, and Ly and Tran rulers developed Thang Long as a political center.
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CIT-ESA-UNESCO-THANG-LONGCIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
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960-1279 CE · Technology
Song cities, printing and commercial growth
Northern and Southern Song governments presided over major urban, commercial and technical change, including expanded printing, paper money, ceramics, improved farming and maritime trade, while losing and reorganizing territory after 1127.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-CHINACIT-ESA-MET-NORTHERN-SONG
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Mainly 11th-13th centuries CE · Kingdom
Bagan kingdom and Buddhist merit landscape
From the 11th to 13th centuries, Bagan rulers, monastics and donors concentrated temples, stupas, monasteries and inscriptions within a populated agricultural and sacred landscape that continued after royal power fragmented.
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CIT-UNESCO-BAGANCIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
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c. 1185-1573 CE · Kingdom
Kamakura and Muromachi warrior governments
Kamakura and later Muromachi warrior governments shared authority with the imperial court, temples, shrines and provincial powers; neither period was a single centralized system, and recurring conflict accompanied expanding commerce.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-JAPANCIT-MET-SHINTO
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Mainly 13th-18th centuries CE · Religion
Maritime Islam and local religious continuities
Islam expanded through ports, courts, scholarly networks, marriage and trade, developing locally distinctive legal, devotional and literary traditions rather than replacing earlier practices everywhere or at one moment.
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CIT-UNESCO-MELAKACIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEACIT-ESA-MET-ISLAND-TEXTILES
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Mongol Empire from 1206; Yuan dynasty, 1271-1368 CE · War
Mongol conquests and the Yuan dynasty
Mongol campaigns beginning under Chinggis Khan destroyed or absorbed states across Eurasia; Khubilai proclaimed the Yuan dynasty in 1271 and completed the conquest of Southern Song in 1279, reorganizing government, mobility and status within China.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-CHINACIT-ESA-MET-YUAN
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c. 1238-1438 CE · Language
Sukhothai polity, monasteries and early Thai writing
Sukhothai, Si Satchanalai and Kamphaeng Phet formed a connected regional system of courts, Buddhist monuments, waterworks, roads, kilns and early Thai inscriptions during the 13th to 15th centuries.
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CIT-ESA-UNESCO-SUKHOTHAICIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
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1293-early 16th century CE; 1527 is a conventional endpoint · Kingdom
Majapahit court and Java-centered maritime networks
Majapahit rulers drew agricultural revenue and tribute toward an eastern Javanese court at Trowulan while texts and diplomacy claimed relationships across a wider maritime sphere; these claims did not equal direct rule within fixed modern borders.
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CIT-ESA-UNESCO-TROWULANCIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
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1351-1767 CE · Kingdom
Ayutthaya, diplomacy and riverine commerce
Ayutthaya grew into a large river-island capital whose court managed diplomacy, warfare and trade with diverse Asian and European communities.
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CIT-UNESCO-AYUTTHAYACIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
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Ming founded 1368; Zheng He expeditions, 1405-1433 CE · Trade
Ming restoration and Zheng He's maritime expeditions
Early Ming governments established new institutions after Yuan rule, and the Yongle and Xuande courts dispatched seven major state expeditions through Southeast Asian and Indian Ocean ports between 1405 and 1433.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-CHINACIT-ESA-SMITHSONIAN-ZHENG-HE
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Joseon state, 1392-1897; Korean Empire under the same royal house, 1897-1910; alphabet promulgated 1446 · Language
Joseon governance and Sejong's Hangul project
Joseon rulers promoted Neo-Confucian institutions. King Sejong completed a purpose-built Korean alphabet in 1443 and promulgated Hunminjeongeum in 1446; Hall of Worthies scholars prepared the explanatory Haerye. Korean had previously been represented through Classical Chinese and character-based systems including Idu, Hyangchal and Gugyeol.
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CIT-MET-KOREACIT-ESA-NMOK-JOSEONCIT-AKS-HANGEULCIT-UNESCO-HUNMINJEONGEUM
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c. 1400-1511 CE · Trade
Melaka Sultanate and the Straits entrepot
Around the beginning of the 15th century, Melaka became a major entrepot where Malay rulers, harbor officials and merchant communities coordinated monsoon trade, law and diplomacy; details of its foundation remain dependent on later and differing traditions.
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CIT-UNESCO-MELAKACIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
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1511-1942 CE · Migration
European colonial ports, plantations and labor migrations
Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, British, French and United States colonial regimes imposed different systems of port, plantation, mine, land and tax control across existing societies. Their timing and reach varied, while Siam retained formal sovereignty under intense imperial pressure.
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CIT-UNESCO-MELAKACIT-UN-DECOLONIZATIONCIT-ESA-MET-ISLAND-TEXTILES
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1603-1868 CE · Dynasty
Tokugawa rule, cities and regulated overseas exchange
Tokugawa shoguns maintained a domain-based political order in which large cities, commercial farming, travel and print culture grew alongside tightly regulated but continuing relations with Korea, Ryukyu, Ainu communities, China and the Dutch.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-JAPANCIT-MET-SHINTO
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1644-1911 CE · Empire
Qing multiethnic empire and changing global trade
The Manchu-led Qing governed a large multiethnic empire through differentiated institutions while population growth, trade, migration, rebellion and foreign coercion transformed its regions.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-CHINACIT-ESA-SMITHSONIAN-QING
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1815-1816 CE · Disaster
Tambora eruption and regional disaster
Tambora's April 1815 eruption destroyed nearby settlements, caused pyroclastic flows and tsunamis, and contributed to crop failure, disease and climatic disruption far beyond Sumbawa.
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CIT-USGS-TAMBORACIT-ESA-SMITHSONIAN-TAMBORA
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1839-1860 CE · War
Opium Wars, treaty ports and late Qing crisis
British forces in the First Opium War and British-French forces in the Second compelled the Qing government to accept treaties that ceded territory, opened ports and expanded foreign privileges; the resulting treaty-port system developed unevenly.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-CHINACIT-ESA-UKNA-OPIUM-WARS
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1868-1912 CE · Technology
Meiji state building and industrial transformation
Meiji governments centralized administration, taxation and conscription, expanded schooling, and promoted railways, mines, shipyards and factories by adapting imported technologies; these reforms also supported an increasingly imperial foreign policy.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-JAPANCIT-MET-SHINTOCIT-ESA-UNESCO-MEIJI-INDUSTRY
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1894-1945 CE · War
Imperial war, colonial Korea and the Asia-Pacific conflict
Successive wars enabled Japanese imperial expansion, including the annexation of Korea in 1910 and occupation across Chinese and Pacific regions; from 1937 to 1945, mass mobilization and warfare produced catastrophic civilian and military losses.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-JAPANCIT-ESA-NMOK-KOREAN-EMPIRECIT-ESA-IWM-JAPAN-SECOND-WORLD-WARCIT-ESA-IWM-COMFORT-STATIONS+1 in register
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1911-1949 CE · War
Chinese revolutions, civil war and modern state formation
The 1911 Revolution and Qing abdication opened decades of republican government, regional militarization, social movements, Japanese invasion and civil war; in 1949 the People's Republic was proclaimed on the mainland and the Republic of China government relocated to Taiwan.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-CHINACIT-ESA-SMITHSONIAN-ZHENG-HE
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1941-1945 CE · War
Japanese occupation and wartime Southeast Asia
Japanese forces conquered most European and United States colonial territories in Southeast Asia and imposed military occupation, requisition, forced labor and violence; Thailand entered a wartime alliance after the Japanese invasion, so regional legal conditions were not identical.
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CIT-IWM-EAST-ASIA-WARCIT-ESA-IWM-JAPAN-SECOND-WORLD-WARCIT-ESA-NARA-JAPANESE-WAR-CRIMES
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1945-present · Community
Postwar East Asian industry, cities and living traditions
Post-1945 reconstruction, different state-led and market-led development paths, export manufacturing, transport and digital infrastructure produced globally connected urban and industrial regions across East Asia.
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CIT-COLUMBIA-CHINACIT-COLUMBIA-JAPANCIT-MET-KOREACIT-ESA-WORLDBANK-EAST-ASIA-URBAN+1 in register
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1945-1975 CE · War
Selected independence struggles and postcolonial state formation
Between 1945 and 1975, selected Southeast Asian territories gained or defended independence through declarations, negotiations and wars, producing states whose borders often followed colonial frameworks. This span does not include every later transition in the region.
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CIT-UN-DECOLONIZATIONCIT-ESA-CAMBRIDGE-SOUTHEAST-ASIAN-DECOLONIZATION
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1950-1953 CE · War
Korean War, mass displacement and division
The North Korean invasion of South Korea in June 1950 internationalized an existing Korean conflict; intervention by United Nations Command forces and Chinese People's Volunteers accompanied a moving front that devastated settlements, displaced civilians and ended in an armistice rather than a peace treaty.
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CIT-ESA-NARA-KOREAN-ARMISTICECIT-ESA-NARA-KOREAN-REFUGEES
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1967-present · Community
Contemporary Southeast Asian cities, work and living heritage
Regional cooperation, industrialization, migration, tourism and digital economies connect fast-growing cities with rural, upland and maritime communities. ASEAN began with five members in 1967 and admitted Timor-Leste as its 11th member on 26 October 2025.
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Agent citation
CIT-ESA-ASEAN-HISTORYCIT-ESA-ASEAN-TIMOR-LESTECIT-ESA-ILO-SOUTHEAST-MIGRATIONCIT-ESA-UNESCO-LIVING-HERITAGE
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Evidence register
Sources represented in this pack
Each registered source ID is paired with its institutional URL for independent checking. Registration confirms the recorded target, not every historical claim.
CIT-UNESCO-LIANGZHU
Archaeological Ruins of Liangzhu City
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1592/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-MET-SHANG-ZHOU
Shang and Zhou Dynasties: The Bronze Age of China
https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/shang-and-zhou-dynasties-the-bronze-age-of-china
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-MET-QIN-HAN
Age of Empires: Chinese Art of the Qin and Han Dynasties
https://www.metmuseum.org/press-releases/age-of-empires-2016-exhibitions
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-COLUMBIA-CHINA
Timeline of Chinese Historical Periods and Dynasties
https://afe.easia.columbia.edu/timelines/china_timeline.htm
Asia for Educators, Columbia University
CIT-STANFORD-CONFUCIUS
Confucius
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/confucius/
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanford University
CIT-STANFORD-DAOISM
Daoism
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/daoism/
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanford University
CIT-COLUMBIA-JAPAN
Timeline of Japanese Historical Periods
https://afe.easia.columbia.edu/timelines/japan_timeline.htm
Asia for Educators, Columbia University
CIT-UNESCO-MIDOKANPAKUKI
Midokanpakuki Memory of the World nomination file
https://media.unesco.org/sites/default/files/webform/mow001/japan_midokanpakuki.pdf
UNESCO Memory of the World
CIT-MET-SHINTO
Shinto
https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/shinto
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-MET-KOREA
The Arts of Korea: A Resource for Educators
https://www.metmuseum.org/-/media/files/learn/for-educators/publications-for-educators/korea.pdf
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-AKS-HANGEUL
Hangeul
https://www.aks.ac.kr/ikorea/upload/intl/korean/UserFiles/UKS1_Hangeul_eng.pdf
The Academy of Korean Studies
CIT-UNESCO-HUNMINJEONGEUM
Hunminjeongum Manuscript
https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/hunminjeongum-manuscript
UNESCO Memory of the World
CIT-SMITHSONIAN-SEA
Southeast Asia Collections and Research Resources
https://asia.si.edu/explore-art-culture/collections/collections-areas/southeast-asian/
Smithsonian National Museum of Asian Art
CIT-IWM-EAST-ASIA-WAR
Britain's War in East Asia During the Second World War
https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/britains-war-in-east-asia-during-the-second-world-war
Imperial War Museums
CIT-UNESCO-ANGKOR
Angkor
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/668/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-UNESCO-BOROBUDUR
Borobudur Temple Compounds
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/592/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-UNESCO-BAGAN
Bagan
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1588/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-UNESCO-MY-SON
My Son Sanctuary
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/949/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-UNESCO-AYUTTHAYA
Historic City of Ayutthaya
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/576/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-UNESCO-MELAKA
Melaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1223/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-UN-DECOLONIZATION
Decolonization
https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/decolonization/
United Nations
CIT-USGS-TAMBORA
Volcano Watch: Infamous Mount Tambora Is Rumbling Again
https://www.usgs.gov/observatories/hvo/news/volcano-watch-infamous-mount-tambora-rumbling-again
U.S. Geological Survey
CIT-ESA-MET-KOFUN
Kofun Period (ca. 300-710)
https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/kofun-period-ca-3rd-century-538
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-ESA-MET-CHINESE-BUDDHISM
Chinese Buddhist Sculpture
https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/chinese-buddhist-sculpture
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-ESA-MET-KOREAN-BUDDHISM
Korean Buddhist Sculpture (5th-9th Century)
https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/korean-buddhist-sculpture-5th-9th-century
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-ESA-MET-TANG-INTERNATIONALISM
Internationalism in the Tang Dynasty (618-907)
https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/internationalism-in-the-tang-dynasty-618-906
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-ESA-UNESCO-TRIPITAKA-KOREANA
Printing Woodblocks of the Tripitaka Koreana and Miscellaneous Buddhist Scriptures
https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/printing-woodblocks-tripitaka-koreana-and-miscellaneous-buddhist-scriptures
UNESCO Memory of the World
CIT-ESA-MET-NORTHERN-SONG
Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127)
https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/northern-song-dynasty-960-1127
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-ESA-MET-YUAN
Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368)
https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/yuan-dynasty-1271-1368
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-ESA-SMITHSONIAN-ZHENG-HE
Timeline of Chinese History, Art, and Culture
https://asia-archive.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/interactives/timelines/timeline-of-chinese-history-art-and-culture/
Smithsonian National Museum of Asian Art
CIT-ESA-NMOK-JOSEON
Medieval and Early Modern History: Joseon
https://www.museum.go.kr/ENG/contents/E0201040300.do?schM=list&showHallId=759&showroomCode=DM0045
National Museum of Korea
CIT-ESA-SMITHSONIAN-QING
Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)
https://asia-archive.si.edu/learn/for-educators/teaching-china-with-the-smithsonian/explore-by-dynasty/qing-dynasty/
Smithsonian National Museum of Asian Art
CIT-ESA-UKNA-OPIUM-WARS
Hong Kong and the Opium Wars
https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/hong-kong-and-the-opium-wars/
The National Archives, United Kingdom
CIT-ESA-UNESCO-MEIJI-INDUSTRY
Sites of Japan's Meiji Industrial Revolution
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1484/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-ESA-NMOK-KOREAN-EMPIRE
Medieval and Early Modern History: Korean Empire
https://www.museum.go.kr/ENG/contents/E0201040600.do?showHallId=759&showroomCode=DM0041
National Museum of Korea
CIT-ESA-IWM-COMFORT-STATIONS
Japan's 'Comfort Station' System Explained
https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/second-world-war/japans-comfort-station-system-explained
Imperial War Museums
CIT-ESA-NARA-KOREAN-ARMISTICE
Korean War Armistice Agreement, 1953
https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2003/summer/korean-war-armistice
U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
CIT-ESA-NARA-KOREAN-REFUGEES
Korean War Refugees in Signal Corps Films
https://unwritten-record.blogs.archives.gov/2022/04/05/korean-war-refugees-in-signal-corps-films/
U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
CIT-ESA-NATURE-AUSTRONESIAN
Reconstructing Austronesian Population History in Island Southeast Asia
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms5689
Nature Communications
CIT-ESA-VNMH-DONG-SON
Dong Son Drum Casting Technology: Research History and Archaeological Evidence
https://baotanglichsu.vn/DataFiles/2023/01/News/Tieng%20Viet/4.1.2023/Thong%20bao%20KH%20so%201%20nam%202022/007.pdf
Vietnam National Museum of History
CIT-ESA-UNESCO-OC-EO
Oc Eo - Ba The Archaeological Site
https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6572/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-ESA-MET-PRE-ANGKOR
Pre-Angkor Traditions: The Mekong Delta and Peninsular Thailand
https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/pre-angkor-traditions-the-mekong-delta-and-peninsular-thailand
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-ESA-UNESCO-MUARAJAMBI
Muarajambi Temple Compound
https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/6827/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-ESA-UNESCO-TROWULAN
Trowulan - Former Capital City of Majapahit Kingdom
https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5466/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-ESA-UNESCO-SUKHOTHAI
Historic Town of Sukhothai and Associated Historic Towns
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/574/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-ESA-UNESCO-THANG-LONG
Central Sector of the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long - Hanoi
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1328/
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-ESA-SMITHSONIAN-POWER-SEA
Power in Southeast Asia
https://asia.si.edu/whats-on/exhibitions/power-in-southeast-asia/
Smithsonian National Museum of Asian Art
CIT-ESA-MET-ISLAND-TEXTILES
Textiles in Island Southeast Asia
https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/textiles-island-southeast-asia
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
CIT-ESA-IWM-JAPAN-SECOND-WORLD-WAR
A Quick Guide to Japan's Role in the Second World War
https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/a-quick-guide-to-japans-role-in-the-second-world-war
Imperial War Museums
CIT-ESA-NARA-JAPANESE-WAR-CRIMES
Japanese Interim Report: Records of Japanese War Crimes
https://www.archives.gov/iwg/reports/japanese-interim-report-march-2002-1.html
U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
CIT-ESA-ASEAN-HISTORY
ASEAN at 50: The Creation of ASEAN
https://asean.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/ASEAN-50-Final.pdf
ASEAN Secretariat
CIT-ESA-ASEAN-TIMOR-LESTE
Forging a New Era: Timor-Leste Admitted into ASEAN
https://asean.org/forging-a-new-era-timor-leste-admitted-into-asean/
ASEAN Secretariat
CIT-ESA-ILO-SOUTHEAST-MIGRATION
Risks and Rewards: Outcomes of Labour Migration in South-East Asia
https://www.ilo.org/publications/risks-and-rewards-outcomes-labour-migration-south-east-asia
International Labour Organization
CIT-ESA-UNESCO-LIVING-HERITAGE
Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage in Asia and the Pacific
https://www.unesco.org/en/fieldoffice/bangkok/clt/intangible-cultural-heritage
UNESCO Regional Office in Bangkok
CIT-ESA-WORLDBANK-EAST-ASIA-URBAN
East Asia's Changing Urban Landscape: Measuring a Decade of Spatial Growth
https://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/Publications/Urban%20Development/EAP_Urban_Expansion_full_report_web.pdf
World Bank
CIT-ESA-UCL-LIANGZHU-WATERWORKS
The earliest hydraulic enterprise in China, 5,100 years ago
https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10040887/1/Revised%20manuscript.pdf
University College London
CIT-ESA-JINJU-THREE-KINGDOMS
Jinju National Museum: History and Culture Hall
https://jinju.museum.go.kr/eng/html/sub02/020102.html
Jinju National Museum
CIT-ESA-UNESCO-GRAND-CANAL
The Grand Canal
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1443
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
CIT-ESA-NMOK-UNIFIED-SILLA-BALHAE
Echoes of Life: the Enduring Tradition of Unified Silla Sculpture
https://www.museum.go.kr/ENG/contents/E0606010000.do?arcId=8682&catCustomType=united&schM=view
National Museum of Korea
CIT-ESA-SMITHSONIAN-TAMBORA
Tambora volcano profile
https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=264040&vtab=Weekly
Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program
CIT-ESA-CAMBRIDGE-SOUTHEAST-ASIAN-DECOLONIZATION
The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: decolonization and independence
https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cambridge-history-of-southeast-asia/917298863AB03D1105768B453E3A4183/listing
Cambridge University Press