South and Central Asia · Person
1915-1947 CE · British India
After returning from South Africa in 1915, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi helped turn the Indian National Congress into a mass movement through satyagraha, nonviolent civil disobedience. Campaigns such as Non-Cooperation, the 1930 Salt March and Quit India drew millions into the struggle for independence, alongside many other leaders and movements.
Ashrams at Sabarmati and Sevagram, village roads, salt pans, spinning wheels, homespun khadi cloth, crowded meetings and prisons framed the visual world of the campaigns.
Agent citation
CIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-GANDHICIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-SALT-MARCHCIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-INC
Setting and material context · 3 registered source URLs · registration is not semantic proof · audit HEM-AUDIT-20260812
Participants courted arrest, boycotted foreign cloth and institutions, and organized locally; women joined in large numbers, while debates over caste, religion and strategy divided the movement.
Agent citation
CIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-GANDHICIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-SALT-MARCHCIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-INC
Lifeways and community · 3 registered source URLs · registration is not semantic proof · audit HEM-AUDIT-20260812
Hand-spinning, village industry and constructive programs were promoted as economic self-reliance against colonial trade, alongside the formal politics of Congress and legislatures.
Agent citation
CIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-GANDHICIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-SALT-MARCHCIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-INC
Work, tools and exchange · 3 registered source URLs · registration is not semantic proof · audit HEM-AUDIT-20260812
Gandhi drew on Hindu, Jain, Christian and other ethical sources; prayer meetings were interfaith, yet communal tensions grew and ended in Partition and his assassination in January 1948.
Agent citation
CIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-GANDHICIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-SALT-MARCHCIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-INC
Belief, ritual and evidence limits · 3 registered source URLs · registration is not semantic proof · audit HEM-AUDIT-20260812
Historical geography
The local map uses modern coastlines only for orientation. The marker identifies this record's geographic anchor, not the full reach of a community or polity.
Map geometry loads only when requested. Modern outlines are orientation only; historical geography and identities changed through time.
Agent citation
CIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-GANDHICIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-SALT-MARCHCIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-INC
Historical-geography anchor and stated limits · 3 registered source URLs · registration is not semantic proof · audit HEM-AUDIT-20260812
Evidence register
Each registered source ID is paired with its institutional URL for independent checking. Source count is transparent, and duplicate URLs count only once.
CIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-GANDHI
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mahatma-Gandhi
Encyclopaedia Britannica
CIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-SALT-MARCH
https://www.britannica.com/event/Salt-March
Encyclopaedia Britannica
CIT-SCA-BRITANNICA-INC
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Indian-National-Congress
Encyclopaedia Britannica